Solved by verified expert :E2-2 (Qualitative Characteristics) The qualitative
characteristics that make accounting informationuseful for decision-making purposes are as follows.Relevance Timeliness Representational faithfulnessReliability Verifiability ComparabilityPredictive value Neutrality ConsistencyFeedback valueInstructionsIdentify the appropriate qualitative characteristic(s) to be
used given the information provided below.(a) Qualitative characteristic being employed when companies
in the same industry are using the same accounting principles.(b) Quality of information that confirms users’ earlier
expectations.(c) Imperative for providing comparisons of a company from
period to period.(d) Ignores the economic consequences of a standard or rule.(e) Requires a high degree of consensus among individuals on
a given measurement.(f) Predictive value is an ingredient of this primary
quality of information.(g) Two qualitative characteristics that are related to both
relevance and reliability.(h) Neutrality is an ingredient of this primary quality of
accounting information.(i) Two primary qualities that make accounting information
useful for decision-making purposes(j) Issuance of interim reports is an example of what
primary ingredient of relevanceE2-4 (Assumptions, Principles, and Constraints) Presented
below are the assumptions, principles, and constraints used in this chapter.1. Economic entity assumption 5. Historical cost principle
9. Materiality2. Going concern assumption 6. Matching principle 10.
Industry practices3. Monetary unit assumption 7. Full disclosure principle 11.
Conservatism4. Periodicity assumption 8. Cost-benefit relationshipInstructionsIdentify by number the accounting assumption, principle, or
constraint that describes each situation below.Do not use a letter more than once.(a) Allocates expenses to revenues in the proper period.(b) Indicates that MARKET value changes subsequent to
purchase are not recorded in the accounts. (Do not use revenue recognition
principle.)(c) Ensures that all relevant FINANCIAL information is
reported.(d) Rationale why plant assets are not reported at
liquidation value. (Do not use historical cost principle.)(e) Anticipates all losses, but reports no gains.(f) Indicates that personal and business record keeping
should be separately maintained.(g) Separates FINANCIAL information into time periods for
reporting purposes.(h) Permits the use of MARKET value valuation in certain
specific situations.(i) Requires that information significant enough to affect
the decision of reasonably informed users should be disclosed. (Do not use full
disclosure principle.)(j) Assumes that the dollar is the “measuring stick” used to
report on financial performance.E2-7 (Accounting Principles—Comprehensive) Presented below
are a number of business transactions that occurred during the current year for
Fresh Horses, Inc.Instructions In each of the situations, discuss the appropriateness of
the journal entries in terms of generally accepted accounting principles.(a) The president of Fresh Horses, Inc. used his expense
account to purchase a new Suburban solely for personal use. The following
journal entry was made.Miscellaneous Expense 29,000Cash 29,000(b) Merchandise inventory that cost $620,000 is reported on
the balance sheet at $690,000, the expected selling price less estimated
selling costs. The following entry was made to record this increase in value.Merchandise Inventory 70,000Revenue 70,000(c) The company is being sued for $500,000 by a customer who
claims damages for personal injury apparently caused by a defective product.
Company attorneys feel extremely confident that the company will have no
liability for damages resulting from the situation. Nevertheless, the company
decides to make the following entry.Loss from Lawsuit 500,000Liability for Lawsuit 500,000(d) Because the general level of prices increased during the
current year, Fresh Horses, Inc. determined that there was a $16,000
understatement of depreciation expense on its equipment and decided to record
it in its accounts. The following entry was made.Depreciation Expense 16,000Accumulated Depreciation 16,000(e) Fresh Horses, Inc. has been concerned about whether
intangible assets could generate cash in case of liquidation. As a consequence,
goodwill arising from a purchase transaction during the current year and
recorded at $800,000 was written off as follows.Retained Earnings 800,000Goodwill 800,000(f) Because of a “fire sale,” equipment obviously worth
$200,000 was acquired at a cost of $155,000.The following entry was made.Equipment 200,000Cash 155,000Revenue 45,000E3-5 (Adjusting Entries) The ledger of Duggan Rental Agency
on March 31 of the current year includes the following selected accounts before
adjusting entries have been prepared.Debit CreditPrepaid Insurance $ 3,600Supplies 2,800Equipment 25,000Accumulated Depreciation—Equipment $ 8,400Notes Payable 20,000Unearned Rent Revenue 9,300Rent Revenue 60,000Interest Expense –0–Wage Expense 14,000An analysis of the accounts shows the following.1. The equipment depreciates $250 per month.2. One-third of the unearned rent was earned during the
quarter.3. Interest of $500 is accrued on the notes payable.4. Supplies on hand total $850.5. Insurance expires at the rate of $300 per month.InstructionsPrepare the adjusting entries at March 31, assuming that adjusting
entries are made quarterly. Additional accounts are: Depreciation Expense;
Insurance Expense; Interest Payable; and Supplies Expense. (Omit explanations.)*P3-9 (Adjusting and Closing) Presented below is the
December 31 trial balance of Nancy DrewBoutique.NANCY DREW BOUTIQUETRIAL BALANCEDECEMBER 31Debit CreditCash $ 18,500Accounts Receivable 42,000Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $ 700Inventory, December 31 80,000Prepaid Insurance 5,100Furniture and Equipment 84,000Accumulated Depreciation—Furniture and Equipment 35,000Notes Payable 28,000Common STOCK 80,600Retained Earnings 10,000Sales 600,000Cost of Goods Sold 398,000Sales Salaries Expense 50,000Advertising Expense 6,700Administrative Salaries Expense 65,000Office Expense 5,000$754,300 $754,300Instructions(a) Construct T-accounts and enter the balances shown.(b) Prepare adjusting journal entries for the following and
post to the T-accounts. (Omit explanations.)Open additional T-accounts as necessary. (The books are
closed yearly on December 31.)(1) Bad debts are estimated to be $1,400.(2) Furniture and equipment is depreciated based on a 6-year
life (no salvage value).(3) Insurance expired during the year $2,550.(4) Interest accrued on notes payable $3,360.(5) Sales salaries earned but not paid $2,400.(6) Advertising paid in advance $700.(7) Office supplies on hand $1,500, charged to Office
Expense when purchased.
(c) Prepare closing entries and post to the accounts.
